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This article emphasizes the maintenance of basic production resources and reformation of economic and social structures in the Khorassan province. The region's natural limitations and inappropriate economic and social structures (...
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This article emphasizes the maintenance of basic production resources and reformation of economic and social structures in the Khorassan province. The region's natural limitations and inappropriate economic and social structures (i.e., lack of necessary underlying structures, low level of literacy and skills, lack of appropriate patterns of exploitation, lack of economic institutes, and so on) have given rise to the worry that the current trend of exploitation will impose limitations on future generations. To correct the economic and social methods and to reform methods of exploiting the resources in this province, the author discusses suggestions aimed at reconstructing the region's environmental, economical, and social structures for sustainable development, which would result in optimal use of resources, prevention of waste in both labor force and capital, and finally, a balance between man and environment.
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Global and regional issues in modern society require new approach for finding solution in regards with activities and responsibilities on national and regional level. Necessary are balance in priorities and interests on global sca...
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Global and regional issues in modern society require new approach for finding solution in regards with activities and responsibilities on national and regional level. Necessary are balance in priorities and interests on global scale. Since 80s in 20th century, an objective result from this necessity is the concept for stable development. Object of the current work are policy and realities in regional stable development in Bulgaria since the end of the Transition and after Bulgaria’s joining to the European Union. Outlined are the general causes and possible solutions for stable development in a well-developed country in social and economic aspect, representative for Bulgarian conditions—the region of Stara Zagora, for the period 2000–2006.
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21st century geopolitics: integration and development in the age of 'continental states'. Territory, Politics, Governance. There is a need, in the 21st century, to analyse the interconnection between development and regional integ...
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21st century geopolitics: integration and development in the age of 'continental states'. Territory, Politics, Governance. There is a need, in the 21st century, to analyse the interconnection between development and regional integration with a renewed attention to geopolitics. The aim of this paper is to explore the links between states, the economy and the international system in an ongoing process of transformation generating a new world order. Drawing on geopolitical theory, this study advances the argument that in the 21st century, those states in search of increasing autonomy apply strategies of regional integration and development-oriented policies, following a path to constructing new grossraums centred on states that are continental in scope. For this analysis the study proposes using a geopolitical perspective - here called 'classical geopolitics' - emphasizing the territorial dimension of state making, which includes economic policies and the formation of national identities. Particular attention is given to the spatial motif observed in international systems of promoting paths towards states of continental scope.
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The article contributes to the ‘new’ European regionalism by discussing the role that regional identity can play in regional development. It is based on the concept of ‘regional identity’ as the keystone of the institutionaliz...
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The article contributes to the ‘new’ European regionalism by discussing the role that regional identity can play in regional development. It is based on the concept of ‘regional identity’ as the keystone of the institutionalization of the region and as consisting of two intertwined and complementary components: the regional consciousness of the inhabitants and the identity of a region. Through the heuristic study of relevant scholarly articles, the authors critically discuss six case studies from European countries dealing with the relationship between regional identity and regional development and published in the first decade of the new millennium. To date, research has examined the role of regional identity as both a successful and unsuccessful driver in regional development. From the case studies, a third possible role of regional identity is identified: regional identity as a barrier to regional development. Further, the article discusses the relationship between these three roles and attempts to identify factors causing the differentiation of the effects of regional identity in the context of regional development.
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This paper offers a comparative analysis of regions in the United States (US) and European Union (EU) countries before and during the aftermath of the global financial crisis. By using a regional taxonomy approaching a functional ...
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This paper offers a comparative analysis of regions in the United States (US) and European Union (EU) countries before and during the aftermath of the global financial crisis. By using a regional taxonomy approaching a functional definition, we can compare in a more meaningful way the regions in EU countries and the US. We use of a newly developed OECD functional typology of TL3 (Territorial Level 3) regions, which classifies regions into five categories: two are metropolitan regions (with a very large or large city) and three are regions with accessibility to cities of different sizes. Over the period 2000-17, we assess which types of regions have been most resilient or vulnerable to the effects of the crisis. To identify structural factors, we analyse the evolution of the contributions of regions to aggregate GDP and productivity growth. Some structural patterns emerge, which are then related to the evolution of regional inequalities between 2000 and 2017. Overall, we found that regional inequalities seem mainly related to structural factors rather than macroeconomic shocks, such as the global financial crisis.
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In recent years, policy-makers and researchers have identified regional development agencies as the most suitable actors to carry out public tasks. One of these tasks has been the coordination of regional development processes. Bo...
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In recent years, policy-makers and researchers have identified regional development agencies as the most suitable actors to carry out public tasks. One of these tasks has been the coordination of regional development processes. Both practitioners and researchers argue that legitimacy is a prerequisite for these regional actors to function properly. Although legitimacy is a key issue, little is known about the challenges that arise while producing it. Selecting six regional development agencies in Switzerland and applying an interview-based research method, this explorative study analyses how regional development agencies deal with legitimacy issues. The findings indicate that the main problem with which regional development agencies struggle is not procedural rightfulness but means-end coordination. By proposing a clear distinction between legitimacy and justification, we aim to stimulate the debate on how to operationalize legitimacy and further the discussion of the functioning of regional development agencies. Consequently, we introduce the concept of 'asymmetric justification' to the debate on regional development processes in order to shed a light on the functioning of regional development agencies.
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Territorial, economic and social cohesion in European Union (EU) regions are major challenges that regional policies are aimed at. These policies have a strong focus on innovation-driven models as key processes for reducing dispar...
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Territorial, economic and social cohesion in European Union (EU) regions are major challenges that regional policies are aimed at. These policies have a strong focus on innovation-driven models as key processes for reducing disparities and promoting regional development. Since the 1980s, innovation and technology policies have gained momentum and legitimacy to stimulate multiple development patterns and growth models, mainly from national economic dynamics to well performing regional systems. Theories of knowledge and learning have been developed in more successful places, producing concepts that seem unattainable for less successful ones. Given that less developed regions have been overlooked in innovation studies, this paper reviews the literature on territorial innovation models in Europe in order to understand theoretical and practical gaps for these regions and to identify trends that support the need to redirect conceptual, political and instrumental attention of territorial innovation systems. It debates the different forms of innovation in regions, the variety and role of actors, the quest for geographical and place-based resources, the determinants for innovation and the 'how' and 'for what' demands of regional development. The discussion anticipates critical questions that try to promote a 'normative turn' in innovation policy, propose research avenues and discuss policy implications.
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Poverty and the associated sufferings remain a global challenge, with over a billion people surviving on less than a dollar a day. Technology, applied appropriately, can help improve their lives. Despite some clear examples of tec...
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Poverty and the associated sufferings remain a global challenge, with over a billion people surviving on less than a dollar a day. Technology, applied appropriately, can help improve their lives. Despite some clear examples of technical research playing a key role in global development, there is a question that repeatedly arises in this area: can technologies for developing regions be considered a core area of computer science research? In this note, we examine some of the arguments on both sides of this question, deliberately avoid answering the question itself (for the lack of community consensus), and provide some suggestions for the case where the answer is in the affirmative.
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The Community Initiative LEADER is one of the EU's structural policy instruments promoting territorial development in less developed and peripheral rural areas. In Germany, 13 Local Action Groups (LAGs) were established in the fra...
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The Community Initiative LEADER is one of the EU's structural policy instruments promoting territorial development in less developed and peripheral rural areas. In Germany, 13 Local Action Groups (LAGs) were established in the framework of LEADER I(1991-1994). These local initiatives aimed at inciting economic, social, cultural and ecological development at the local level through impulse-providing, innovative measures. In this context a series of new mechanisms, like the "integrated", "bottom up"approach, "networking", "global allowances" and a focus on the particular "strengths and weaknesses" of the LEADER areas were meant to support the stimulation of their "endogenous" development potentials. Although, the Ex post-evaluation of LEADER I inGermany, commissioned by the EU-Commission (DG VI), revealed some deficits concerning the practical implementation and realization of the initiative, in almost all areas barriers to territorial development were addressed in a targeted manner and reducedby focusing financial and technical support on specific measures. The planning and realization of numerous innovation and improvement projects allowed for the participation of a variety of actors in local development activities. Consequently, LEADER created new structures of communication and operation at the local level. Their strength is revealed by the institutional coordination, the professionally integrated networking, and the mobilization and participation of a broad range of social interest groups in the rural development process. Furthermore, quantifiable effects resulted, which, from a German perspective, underline the success of LEADER I. Future policies for the development of rural areas could build on the LEADER experience and should further develop their particular strengths.
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